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We all know what pimples are (inflamed spots that form when your pores get clogged with dirt, oil and bacteria...blech). But not every bump on your skin is a zit. Some mystery marks are totally normal, while others need extra special attention. How to handle 'em? We've got sage advice from skincare pros...

You've got...something that seems like a pimple, but it's stuck under your skin
What it probably is: A cyst 

Cysts and zits are similar because they are both caused by sebum clogging up your skin, but a cyst doesn't actually come to the surface. Instead, it grows under the skin and forms a lump that can get bigger over time, explains dermatologist Dr. Geeta Yadav. They're typically painless and harmless (and often go away on their own), but they can be annoying. And, unlike zits, you can't pop them. "Cysts are typically benign and don't require treatment, but a dermatologist can drain or remove it if it's bugging you," says dermatologist Dr. Kim Nichols. 

See a derm if: You want it gone quicker.

You've got...blotchy patches of red, irritated skin
What it probably is: A rash

A lot of things can fall into this category, but rashes (aka contact dermatitis) can form when your skin touches something you're allergic to—like dog dander, poison ivy or even a new laundry detergent. "It can go away on its own or with an over-the-counter steroid cream," says Dr. Yadav. 

See a derm if: You're still seriously uncomfy. 

You've got...red, flaky, dry patches
What it probably is: Eczema

"Eczema is a common chronic skin condition that causes inflammation on the scalp, face and body," says Dr. Nichols. It can't be cured—but you can get it under control. Keep your skin hydrated and avoid using super hot water when you shower. Oh, and exfoliation is an absolute no-go.

See a derm if: You're having a major flare-up (stress, dry weather and other factors can worsen eczema). You may benefit from a prescription cream.  

You've got...dry, scaly patches 
What it probably is: Psoriasis

"Psoriasis and eczema look similar, but psoriasis creates silvery scales on the skin," explains Dr. Yadav. It can be found all over the body, including the scalp. 

See a derm if: You think you may have psoriasis. It can be pretty painful if not treated—but the good news is that a dermatologist can prescribe an ointment to manage symptoms. Psst: The healthier your skin is, the less likely you'll get a psoriasis flare. 

You've got...a spot of skin that's darker than the rest—it could be super small or even the size of a nickel
What it probably is: Hyperpigmentation

Caused by excess melanin production (yep, the same stuff that makes your skin tan), hyperpigmentation is pretty common and usually harmless, explains Dr. Yadav. These spots can come from a previous pimple, sun damage or even just freckles. Some hyperpigmentation will fade on its own. But those freckles? They're all yours for life (and super cute if you ask us). 

See a derm if: You have stubborn spots that haven't faded after a few months. A doc may recommend a topical cream, peel or even lasers to fade marks. 

You've got...raised spots on your skin that are round, symmetrical and tan, brown or pink in color
What it probably is: A mole

Moles are mostly harmless but should be monitored in case they turn into a problem. "It is important to keep an eye out for changes in your skin over time just to be sure a spot is not pre-cancerous," says Dr. Yadav.

See a derm if: Your mole fits into one of the ABCDE categories: Asymmetry, uneven Borders, multiple Colors, growing Diameter and Evolving shape. If not? Let it be. 

You've got...what looks like a mole that kinda hangs on your skin
What it probably is: A skin tag

Much like moles, skin tags are growths that can form over time. They're usually found in the folds of skin, around the neck, under the arms and on the eyelids, says Dr. Yadav. They're nothing to worry about, tbh. 

See a derm if: It's bugging you, and you want it removed. "Skin tags can be quickly and easily frozen, cut or burned off during your next derm appointment," says Dr. Nichols. Sounds scary, but with the help of a little numbing cream, it's painless, promise. 

Your clear skin toolkit

Want to take better care of your complexion? These ingredients are seriously worth trying.

Rashy? Reach for...colloidal oatmeal 

This anti-inflammatory ingredient helps to rebalance your skin's pH levels and seal in moisture. (Bonus: Oatmeal baths are wayyy relaxing.)

Try: Aveeno Soothing Oatmeal Bath Treatment for Itchy, Dry Skin, $7, amazon.com

Eczema or psoriasis flare-up? Reach for...ceramides, glycerin and hyaluronic acid

"Ceramides act like the mortar between your skin calls to prevent moisture from escaping," explains Dr. Yadav. "Glycerin and hyaluronic acid help restore the skin barrier and keep skin hydrated."

Try: KraveBeauty Great Barrier Relief, $28, kravebeauty.com

Dark marks? Reach for...tranexamic acid and azelaic acid

These ingredients stall the production of a natural enzyme that leads to hyperpigmentation (and these acids fade dark spots). 

Try: Topicals Mini Faded Serum for Dark Spots & Discoloration, $18, sephora.com

Dullness or discoloration? Reach for...vitamin C

"This antioxidant protects you from free radicals that can cause skin discoloration," says Dr. Yadav. Plus, it brightens skin.

Try: Naturium Vitamin C Complex Serum, $20, target.com

Tag us in your skincare hauls on Instagram for a chance to get featured @girlslifemag!

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All GIFs via Giphy

by Erin Reimel | 10/10/2024